The domain name com is a generic top-level domain A generic top-level domain is one of the categories of top-level domains (TLDs) maintained by the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) for use in the Domain Name System of the Internet (gTLD) in the Domain Name System The Domain Name System is a hierarchical naming system for computers, services, or any resource connected to the Internet or a private network. It associates various information with domain names assigned to each of the participants. Most importantly, it translates domain names meaningful to humans into the numerical (binary) identifiers of the Internet The Internet is a global system of interconnected computer networks that use the standard Internet Protocol Suite to serve billions of users worldwide. It is a network of networks that consists of millions of private, public, academic, business, and government networks of local to global scope that are linked by a broad array of electronic and. Its name is derived from commercial, indicating its original intended purpose for networks of general commercial character.

The gTLD com was originally administered by the United States Department of Defense The United States Department of Defense is the U.S. federal department charged with coordinating and supervising all agencies and functions of the government relating directly to national security and the United States armed forces. The organization and functions of the DOD are set forth in Title 10 of the United States Code, but is today operated by VeriSign VeriSign, Inc. is an American company based in Mountain View, CA that operates a diverse array of network infrastructure, including two of the Internet's thirteen root nameservers, the generic top-level domains for .com and .net. VeriSign also provides a variety of security services ranging from digital certificates, and managed PKI to two-factor. Registrations in com are processed via registrars accredited by ICANN The Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers is a non-profit corporation headquartered in Marina del Rey, California, United States that was created on September 18, 1998, and incorporated on September 30, 1998 to be able to oversee a number of Internet-related tasks previously performed directly on behalf of the U.S. government by. The registry accepts internationalized domain names An internationalized domain name is an Internet domain name that contains at least one label that is displayed in software applications, in whole or in part, in a language-specific script or alphabet, such as Chinese, Russian or the Latin alphabet-based characters with diacritics, such as French. These writing systems are encoded by computers in.

The domain was one of the original top-level domains A top-level domain is one of the domains at the highest level in the hierarchical Domain Name System of the Internet. The top-level domain names are installed in the root zone of the name space. For all domains in lower levels, it is the last part of the domain name, that is, the last label of a fully qualified domain name. For example, in the (TLDs) in the Internet when the Domain Name System was implemented in January 1985, the others being edu The domain name .edu is a sponsored top-level domain in the Domain Name System of the Internet. Its name is derived from education, indicating its intended use as a name space for educational institutions, primarily those in the United States. Although not officially mandated for much of the domain's existence, in practice it has been used, gov The domain name .gov is a sponsored top-level domain in the Domain Name System of the Internet. The name is derived from government, indicating its restricted use by government entities in the United States. The gov domain is administered by the General Services Administration (GSA), an independent agency of the United States federal government, mil The domain name .mil is the sponsored top-level domain in the Domain Name System of the Internet for the United States Department of Defense and its subsidiary or affiliated organizations. The name is derived from military. It was one of the first top-level domains, created in January 1985, net The domain name net is a generic top-level domain used in the Domain Name System of the Internet. The name is derived from network, indicating its originally intended purpose for organizations involved in networking technologies, such as Internet service providers and other infrastructure companies. However, restrictions were never enforced and, org The domain name org is a generic top-level domain of the Domain Name System (DNS) used in the Internet. The name is derived from organization, and arpa The domain name .arpa is a top-level domain in the Domain Name System of the Internet. It is used exclusively for technical infrastructure purposes. While the name originally was the acronym for the Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA), the funding organization in the United States that developed the precursor of the Internet (ARPANET), it now. It has grown into the largest top-level domain.[1]

Contents

History

The domain COM was installed as one of the first set of top-level domains when the Domain Name System was first implemented for use on the Internet in January 1985. The domain was administered by the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD), however the department contracted the domain maintenance to SRI International SRI International, founded as Stanford Research Institute, is one of the world's largest contract research institutes. Based in the United States, the trustees of Stanford University established it in 1946 as a center of innovation to support economic development in the region. It was later incorporated as an independent non-profit organization. SRI created DDN-NIC, also known as SRI-NIC, or simply the NIC (Network Information Center A domain name registry, is a database of all domain names registered in a top-level domain. A registry operator, also called a Network Information Center , is the part of the Domain Name System (DNS) of the Internet that keeps the database of domain names, and generates the zone files which convert domain names to IP addresses. Each NIC is an),[2] then accessible online with the domain name nic.ddn.mil. Beginning October 1, 1991, an operations contract was awarded to Government Systems Inc. (GSI), which sub-contracted it to Network Solutions Network Solutions, LLC is a technology company founded in 1979. The domain name registration business has become the most important division of the company. As of January 2009, Network Solutions managed more than 6.6 million domain names Inc. (NSI).[3]

On January 1, 1993 the National Science Foundation The National Science Foundation is a United States government agency that supports fundamental research and education in all the non-medical fields of science and engineering. Its medical counterpart is the National Institutes of Health. With an annual budget of about US$6.87 billion (fiscal year 2010), the NSF funds approximately 20 percent of assumed responsibility of maintenance, as com was primarily being used for non-defense interests. The NSF contracted operation to Network Solutions Network Solutions, LLC is a technology company founded in 1979. The domain name registration business has become the most important division of the company. As of January 2009, Network Solutions managed more than 6.6 million domain names (NSI). In 1995, the NSF authorized NSI to begin charging registrants an annual fee, for the first-time since the domain's inception. Initially the fee was US$50 per year, with US$35 going to NSI, and US$15 going to a government fund. New registrations had to pay for the first two years, making the new-domain registration fee US$100. In 1997 the United States Department of Commerce The United States Department of Commerce is the Cabinet department of the United States government concerned with promoting economic growth. It was originally created as the United States Department of Commerce and Labor on February 14, 1903. It was subsequently renamed to the Department of Commerce on March 4, 1913, and its bureaus and agencies assumed authority over all generic TLDs. It is currently operated by VeriSign VeriSign, Inc. is an American company based in Mountain View, CA that operates a diverse array of network infrastructure, including two of the Internet's thirteen root nameservers, the generic top-level domains for .com and .net. VeriSign also provides a variety of security services ranging from digital certificates, and managed PKI to two-factor, which had acquired Network Solutions. VeriSign later spun off Network Solutions' non-registry functions into a separate company which continues as a registrar. In the English language English is a West Germanic language that arose in the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms of England and spread into South-East Scotland under the influence of the Anglian medieval kingdom of Northumbria. Following the economic, political, military, scientific, cultural, and colonial influence of Great Britain and the United Kingdom from the 18th century, and of the domain is often spelled with a leading period and commonly pronounced as dot-com, and has entered common parlance this way.

Although com domains were originally intended to designate commercial entities[4] (others such as government agencies or educational institutions have different top-level domains assigned to them), there has been no restriction on who can register com domains since the mid-1990s. With the commercialization and popularization of the Internet, the com domain was opened to the public and quickly became the most common top-level domain for websites A website is a collection of related web pages, images, videos or other digital assets that are addressed relative to a common Uniform Resource Locator (URL), often consisting of only the domain name, or the IP address, and the root path ('/') in an Internet Protocol-based network. A web site is hosted on at least one web server, accessible via a, email Electronic mail, commonly called email or e-mail, is a method of exchanging digital messages across the Internet or other computer networks. Email systems are based on a store-and-forward model in which email server computer systems accept, forward, deliver and store messages on behalf of users, who only need to connect to the email infrastructure,, and networking. Many companies that flourished in the period from 1997 to 2001 (the time known as the "dot-com bubble The "dot-com bubble" was a speculative bubble covering roughly 1995–2000 (with a climax on March 10, 2000 with the NASDAQ peaking at 5132.52) during which stock markets in industrialized nations saw their equity value rise rapidly from growth in the more recent Internet sector and related fields. While the latter part was a boom and") incorporated the com suffix into company names; these became known as dot-coms or dot-com companies A dot-com company, or simply a dot-com , is a company that does most of its business on the Internet, usually through a website that uses the popular top-level domain, ".com" (in turn derived from the word "commercial"). The introduction of biz biz is a generic top-level domain in the Domain Name System of the Internet. It is intended for registration of domains to be used by businesses. The name is a phonetic spelling of the first syllable of business in 2001, which is restricted to businesses, has had no impact on the popularity of com.

Although companies anywhere in the world can register com domains, many countries have a second-level domain with a similar purpose under their own country code top-level domain (ccTLD A country code top-level domain is an Internet top-level domain generally used or reserved for a country (a sovereign state or a dependent territory)). Such second-level domains are usually of the form com.xx or co.xx, where xx is the ccTLD. Australia (com.au), Greece (com.gr), Mexico (com.mx), South Korea (co.kr), India (co.in), China (com.cn), Japan (co.jp), and the United Kingdom (co.uk) are all examples.

Many non-commercial sites and networks use com names to benefit from the perceived recognizability of a com domain. However, the registration statistics[1] show varying popularity over the years.

In 2008, VeriSign reported that approximately 77 million com domains were registered.[1] As of March 2009, VeriSign reported that the domain is served by 886 accredited registrars.[5]

Transfer procedures

Domains can be transferred between registrars. Prior to October 2006, the procedure used by VeriSign was complex and unreliable – requiring a notary public to verify the identity of the registrant requesting a domain transfer. In October 2006, a new procedure, requiring the losing registrar to provide an authorization code on instruction from the registrant (also known as EPP The motivation for the creation of EPP was to create a robust and flexible protocol that could provide communication between domain name registries and domain name registrars. These transactions are required whenever a domain name is registered or renewed, thereby also preventing Domain hijacking. Prior to its introduction, registries had no code) was introduced by VeriSign to reduce the incidence of domain hijacking Domain hijacking or domain theft is the process by which registration of a currently registered domain name is transferred without the permission of its original registrant, generally by exploiting a vulnerability in the domain name registration system.

List of oldest com domains

The following are the 100 oldest still-existing registered com domains [6][7]:

See also: List of the oldest currently-registered Internet domain names
Rank Create date Domain name
1 March 15, 1985 symbolics.com Symbolics refers to two companies: now-defunct computer manufacturer Symbolics, Inc., and a privately held company that acquired the assets of the former company and continues to sell and maintain the Open Genera Lisp system and the Macsyma computer algebra system
2 April 24, 1985 BBN.com BBN Technologies is a high-technology company which provides research and development services. BBN is based next to Fresh Pond in Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA. It is perhaps best known for its work in the development of packet switching (including the ARPANET and the Internet) and for its 1978 acoustical analysis for the House Select Committee
3 May 24, 1985 think.com Thinking Machines Corporation was a supercomputer manufacturer founded in Waltham, Massachusetts in 1982 by W. Daniel "Danny" Hillis and Sheryl Handler to turn Hillis's doctoral work at MIT on massively parallel computing architectures into a commercial product called the Connection Machine. The company moved in 1984 from Waltham to
4 July 11, 1985 MCC.com Microelectronics and Computer Technology Corporation was the first, and - at one time - was one of the largest, computer industry research and development consortia in the United States
5 September 30, 1985 DEC.com Digital Equipment Corporation was a pioneering American computer company, a leading vendor in the minicomputer market though the 1960s and 1970s, and for a long time one of the most admired within the hacker community.[citation needed]
6 November 7, 1985 northrop.com The Northrop Corporation was a leading United States aircraft manufacturer from its formation in 1939 until its merger with Grumman to form Northrop Grumman in 1994. The company is known for its development of the flying wing design, although only a few of these have entered service
7 January 9, 1986 xerox.com Xerox Corporation is a Fortune 500 global document management company (founded in 1906) which manufactures and sells a range of color and black-and-white printers, multifunction systems, photo copiers, digital production printing presses, and related consulting services and supplies. Xerox is headquartered in Norwalk, Connecticut (moved from
8 January 17, 1986 SRI.com SRI International, founded as Stanford Research Institute, is one of the world's largest contract research institutes. Based in the United States, the trustees of Stanford University established it in 1946 as a center of innovation to support economic development in the region. It was later incorporated as an independent non-profit organization
9 March 3, 1986 HP.com Hewlett-Packard Company , commonly referred to as HP, is an American multinational information technology corporation headquartered in Palo Alto, California, USA. HP is one of the world's largest information technology companies and operates in nearly every country. HP specializes in developing and manufacturing computing, data storage, and
10 March 5, 1986 bellcore.com Telcordia Technologies, formerly Bell Communications Research, Inc. or Bellcore, is a telecommunications research and development company based in the United States created as part of the 1982 Modification of Final Judgment that broke up American Telephone & Telegraph
11 March 19, 1986 IBM.com International Business Machines , abbreviated IBM, is a multinational computer, technology and IT consulting corporation head-quartered in Armonk, North Castle, New York, United States. IBM is the world's largest technology company and the second most valuable by global brand (after Coca-Cola). IBM is one of the few information technology
11 March 19, 1986 sun.com Sun Microsystems, Inc. is a wholly owned subsidiary of Oracle Corporation, selling computers, computer components, computer software, and information technology services. Sun was founded on February 24, 1982. The company was headquartered in Santa Clara, California , on the former west campus of the Agnews Developmental Center
13 March 25, 1986 intel.com Intel Corporation is a technology company, and the world's largest semiconductor chip maker, based on revenue. It is the inventor of the x86 series of microprocessors, the processors found in most personal computers. Intel was founded on July 18, 1968, as Integrated Electronics Corporation (though a common misconception is that "Intel"
13 March 25, 1986 TI.com Coordinates: 32°54′33″N 96°45′04″W / 32.909256°N 96.751054°W Texas Instruments , widely known as TI, is an American company based in Dallas, Texas, United States, renowned for developing and commercializing semiconductor and computer technology. TI is the No. 4 manufacturer of semiconductors worldwide after Intel, Samsung and
15 April 25, 1986 ATT.com AT&T Inc. is the largest provider of fixed telephony in the United States, and also provides broadband and subscription television services. AT&T is the second largest provider of mobile telephony service in the United States, with over 85.1 million wireless customers, and more than 210 million total customers
16 May 8, 1986 GMR.com General Motors Research Laboratories are the part of General Motors responsible for creation of the first known operating system in 1955 and contributed to the first mechanical heart, the Dodrill-GMR, successfully used while performing open heart surgery
16 May 8, 1986 tek.com Tektronix, Inc. is a North American company best known for its test and measurement equipment such as oscilloscopes, logic analyzers, and video and mobile test protocol equipment. As of November 2007, Tektronix is a subsidiary of Danaher Corporation
18 July 10, 1986 FMC.com FMC Corporation NYSE: FMC is a chemical manufacturing company headquartered in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. FMC employs over 5,000 people world wide, and had gross revenues of US$3.115 billion in 2008
18 July 10, 1986 UB.com
20 August 5, 1986 bell-atl.com Verizon Communications Inc. is an American broadband and telecommunications company and a component of the Dow Jones Industrial Average. It was formed in 1983 as Bell Atlantic as part of the 1984 breakup into seven Baby Bells. Prior to its transformation into Verizon, Bell Atlantic had merged with another Regional Bell Operating Company, NYNEX, in
20 August 5, 1986 GE.com The General Electric Company, or GE , is an American multinational conglomerate corporation incorporated in the State of New York. In 2010, Forbes ranked GE as the world's second largest company, based on a formula that compared the total sales, profits, assets, and market value of several multinational companies. The company has 304,000 employees
20 August 5, 1986 grebyn.com
20 August 5, 1986 ISC.com
20 August 5, 1986 NSC.com
20 August 5, 1986 stargate.com
26 September 2, 1986 boeing.com
27 September 18, 1986 ITCorp.com
28 September 29, 1986 siemens.com
29 October 18, 1986 pyramid.com
30 October 27, 1986 alphaDC.com
30 October 27, 1986 BDM.com
30 October 27, 1986 fluke.com
30 October 27, 1986 inmet.com
30 October 27, 1986 kesmai.com
30 October 27, 1986 mentor.com
30 October 27, 1986 NEC.com
30 October 27, 1986 ray.com
30 October 27, 1986 rosemount.com
30 October 27, 1986 vortex.com
40 November 5, 1986 alcoa.com
40 November 5, 1986 GTE.com
42 November 17, 1986 adobe.com
42 November 17, 1986 AMD.com
42 November 17, 1986 DAS.com
42 November 17, 1986 data-IO.com
42 November 17, 1986 octopus.com
42 November 17, 1986 portal.com
42 November 17, 1986 teltone.com
49 December 11, 1986 3Com.com
49 December 11, 1986 amdahl.com
Rank Create date Domain name
49 December 11, 1986 CCUR.com
49 December 11, 1986 CI.com
49 December 11, 1986 convergent.com
49 December 11, 1986 DG.com
49 December 11, 1986 peregrine.com
49 December 11, 1986 quad.com
49 December 11, 1986 SQ.com
49 December 11, 1986 tandy.com
49 December 11, 1986 TTI.com
49 December 11, 1986 unisys.com
61 January 19, 1987 CGI.com
61 January 19, 1987 CTS.com
61 January 19, 1987 SPDCC.com
64 February 19, 1987 apple.com
65 March 4, 1987 NMA.com
65 March 4, 1987 prime.com
67 April 4, 1987 philips.com
68 April 23, 1987 datacube.com
68 April 23, 1987 KAI.com
68 April 23, 1987 TIC.com
68 April 23, 1987 vine.com
72 April 30, 1987 NCR.com
73 May 14, 1987 cisco.com
73 May 14, 1987 RDL.com
75 May 20, 1987 SLB.com
76 May 27, 1987 parcplace.com
76 May 27, 1987 UTC.com
78 June 26, 1987 IDE.com
79 July 9, 1987 TRW.com
80 July 13, 1987 unipress.com
81 July 27, 1987 dupont.com
81 July 27, 1987 lockheed.com
83 July 28, 1987 rosetta.com
84 August 18, 1987 toad.com
85 August 31, 1987 quick.com
86 September 3, 1987 allied.com
86 September 3, 1987 DSC.com
86 September 3, 1987 SCO.com
89 September 22, 1987 gene.com
89 September 22, 1987 KCCS.com
89 September 22, 1987 spectra.com
89 September 22, 1987 WLK.com
93 September 30, 1987 mentat.com
94 October 14, 1987 WYSE.com
95 November 2, 1987 CFG.com
96 November 9, 1987 marble.com
97 November 16, 1987 cayman.com
97 November 16, 1987 entity.com
99 November 24, 1987 KSR.com
100 November 30, 1987 NYNEXST.com

References

  1. ^ a b c "The Domain Industry Brief" (pdf). Verisign. March 2008. http://www.verisign.com/static/043379.pdf.
  2. ^ Dana D. Sitzler; Patricia G. Smith; April N. Marine (February 1992). "Building a Network Information Services Infrastructure". pp. 3. ftp://ftp.rfc-editor.org/in-notes/rfc1302.txt. Retrieved 2008-11-16.
  3. ^ Richard Schmalgemeier (1991-09-25). "SRI-NIC services moving". http://mx1.merit.edu/mail.archives/mjts/1991-09/msg00009.html. Retrieved 2008-11-16.
  4. ^ Jon Postel (March 1994). "RFC 1591 Domain Name System Structure and Delegation". pp. 2. http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1591. Retrieved 2008-11-16.
  5. ^ Verisign Inc. (2009-04-13). "Registry Operator’s Monthly Report .COM/.NET". ICANN. http://www.icann.org/en/tlds/monthly-reports/com-net/verisign-200903.pdf.
  6. ^ iWhois.com | 100 oldest .com domains
  7. ^ Domains Counter - Domain Timeline since 1985 by VB.com

External links

Generic top-level domains
Current
general .biz · .com · .info · .name · .net · .org · .pro
Sponsored .aero · .asia · .cat · .coop · .edu · .gov · .int · .jobs · .mil · .mobi · .museum · .tel · .travel · .xxx
Infrastructure .arpa
Deleted/retired .nato
Reserved .example · .invalid · .localhost · .test
Pseudo .bitnet · .csnet · .local · .root · .uucp · .onion · .exit
Proposed
Locations .berlin · .lat · .nyc · .bcn · .paris
Language and nationality .bzh · .cym · .eus · .gal · .lli · .scot · .sic
Technical .geo · .mail
Other .canon · .kids · .post · .shop · .web · .eco · .music
Country code top-level domains

Categories: Generic top-level domains | Council of European National Top Level Domain Registries members | 1985 introductions

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secure the crank shaft from falling out without the main caps bolted on if the engine is right side up And while the main cap girdle is bolted on it s really hard to bolt up the rods caps I made sure all the bearing surfaces were clean before I added on the bearings to the rods and block

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Where can I find examples of successful business plans for dot com start ups, including financials?
Q. I'm pursuing the development of a concept for a large, content heavy dot com start up, basically an answers and research site, and need to know what best things to consider, from all angles, including technology infrastructure, legal, budgetary, insurance, best filing status, marketing, organizational charts, etc. I'm only looking for successful plans representing web properties that have succeeded. Does anyone know where I can find even one?
Asked by Rachel D - Fri May 23 22:46:59 2008 - - 1 Answers - 0 Comments

A. visit this link you will find structure of each n every sector of business
Answered by mideastportfolio - Sat May 24 01:47:08 2008

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