.shop is a proposed top-level domain The Domain Name System of the Internet consists of a set of top-level domains which constitute the root domain of the hierarchical name space and database. In the growth of the Internet, it became desirable to expand the set of initially six generic top-level domains in 1984. As a result new top-level domain names have been proposed for for the Internet The Internet is a global system of interconnected computer networks that use the standard Internet Protocol Suite to serve billions of users worldwide. It is a network of networks that consists of millions of private, public, academic, business, and government networks of local to global scope that are linked by a broad array of electronic and , submitted to ICANN The Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers is a non-profit corporation headquartered in Marina del Rey, California, United States that was created on September 18, 1998, and incorporated on September 30, 1998 to be able to oversee a number of Internet-related tasks previously performed directly on behalf of the U.S. government by for approval as a sponsored TLD A sponsored top-level domain is one of the categories of top-level domains (TLDs) maintained by the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) for use in the Domain Name System of the Internet . It would be restricted to the use of e-commerce on the Internet. It is sponsored by Commercial Connect Inc, an international organization based in the United States ^ b. English is the de facto language of American government and the sole language spoken at home by 80% of Americans age five and older. Spanish is the second most commonly spoken language , with partners worldwide.
History
Commercial Connect, Inc. requested to operate a .shop registry from ICANN in 2000. It is unrelated to the previous attempt to register .shop in 1998 (see IAHC The IAHC was one of the first organizations to concern itself with the allocation of Internet domain names ), although its proposed usage is similar.[1] [2] .com In many computer operating systems, a COM file is a type of executable file; the name is derived from the file name extension .COM. Originally, the term stood for "Command file", a text file containing commands to be issued to the operating system , on many of the Digital Equipment Corporation mini and mainframe operating systems going —originally intended for this purpose—has become too broad in its scope and so generic that it no longer exclusively denotes its original intention. This difficulty is becoming more acute daily, and as already implied by the continued geometric growth of the Internet, will become exponentially more difficult in the future.
Restrictions
Commercial Connect, Inc is proposing that the use of .shop be exclusive to electronic commerce Electronic commerce, commonly known as e-commerce or eCommerce, consists of the buying and selling of products or services over electronic systems such as the Internet and other computer networks. The amount of trade conducted electronically has grown extraordinarily with widespread Internet usage. The use of commerce is conducted in this way, websites A website is a collection of related web pages, images, videos or other digital assets that are addressed relative to a common Uniform Resource Locator (URL), often consisting of only the domain name, or the IP address, and the root path ('/') in an Internet Protocol-based network. A web site is hosted on at least one web server, accessible via a that actually provide online shopping and ordering, whether the site is associated with a physical store or not. This clarity of use can be preserved to the benefit of Internet users everywhere.
Registrars
All currently accredited ICANN registrars, as well as any newly appointed ICANN registrars in the future, will be eligible for approval to obtain domain names with the dot-shop extension. Each registrar must make application to CCI, and pay the stated fees, but when those steps have been completed, a registrar in good standing with ICANN can rest assured it will be added to the list of approved registrars for selling and promoting this new domain name extension. CCI, by accepting all ICANN accredited registrars as potential registrars of the domain name, agrees to accord equal treatment to everyone. In any case where it is necessary to select between two or more competing registrars, objective criteria, if it can be found to base any choice upon, so that even those who are not chosen can agree the process was fairly devised and fairly implemented.
Registrants
CCI expects all new domain name holders to deal exclusively through a registrar. At this time it is not expected that any issues will arise that requires the intervention of CCI. Should that occur, however, then generally accepted business practices and applicable ICANN policies will guide CCI's involvement. Every new registrant will be required to certify they know about, have read, and accept the provisions of the ICANN Uniform Domain Name Dispute Resolution Policy The Uniform Domain-Name Dispute-Resolution Policy is a process established by the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) for the resolution of disputes regarding the registration of internet domain names. The UDRP currently applies to all .biz, .com, .info, .name, .net, and .org top-level domains, and some country code top- (UDRP) now in effect. The applying registrant will be required to make a two step certification to the approved registrar as part of his application for a .shop domain name, and to establish a right to the domain name with one or more of the following two: 1) That the business is currently in operation under the requested name, or 2) That the registrant is substantially ready to begin business and needs the Internet address for final preparations, such as ordering signs or stationary, committing to advertising, and the completion of necessary forms and permits to begin business. The second step will be the voluntary agreement of the applicant to restrict use of the .shop domain name to a fixed site commercial enterprise engaged in the sale of goods.
Notes
The above article is a speculated version of the .shop application and its procedures. The application and/or procedures may change substantially during the new application process and may continue to evolve until approved by ICANN.
References
^ (historical) gTLD MoU ^ Commercial Connect Application to ICANN
External links
Generic top-level domains A top-level domain is one of the domains at the highest level in the hierarchical Domain Name System of the Internet. The top-level domain names are installed in the root zone of the name space. For all domains in lower levels, it is the last part of the domain name, that is, the last label of a fully qualified domain name. For example, in the
Current
general A generic top-level domain is one of the categories of top-level domains (TLDs) maintained by the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) for use in the Domain Name System of the Internet
.biz biz is a generic top-level domain in the Domain Name System of the Internet. It is intended for registration of domains to be used by businesses. The name is a phonetic spelling of the first syllable of business · .com In many computer operating systems, a COM file is a type of executable file; the name is derived from the file name extension .COM. Originally, the term stood for "Command file", a text file containing commands to be issued to the operating system , on many of the Digital Equipment Corporation mini and mainframe operating systems going · .info The domain name info is a generic top-level domain in the Domain Name System (DNS) of the Internet, The name is derived from information indicating that the domain is intended for informative Internet resources, although registration requirements do not prescribe any theme orientation · .name The domain name "name" is a generic top-level domain in the Domain Name System of the Internet. It is intended for use by individuals for representation of their personal names, nicknames, screen names, pseudonyms, or other types of identification labels · .net The domain name net is a generic top-level domain used in the Domain Name System of the Internet. The name is derived from network, indicating its originally intended purpose for organizations involved in networking technologies, such as Internet service providers and other infrastructure companies. However, restrictions were never enforced and · .org The domain name org is a generic top-level domain of the Domain Name System (DNS) used in the Internet. The name is derived from organization · .pro The domain name pro is a generic top-level domain in the Domain Name System of the Internet. Its name is derived from professional, indicating its intended use by qualified professionals
Sponsored A sponsored top-level domain is one of the categories of top-level domains (TLDs) maintained by the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) for use in the Domain Name System of the Internet
.aero aero is a generic top-level domain (gTLD) used in the Domain Name System of the Internet. It is the first sponsored top-level domain based on a single industrial theme. The aero domain is reserved for companies, organizations, associations, government agencies, and individuals in aviation-related fields. It was created in 2002 and is operated by · .asia .asia is a sponsored top-level domain sponsored by the DotAsia Organization, with the back-end registry operated by Afilias. It was approved by ICANN on 19 October 2006 as a sponsored TLD. It serves as a regional domain for companies, organisations, and individuals based in the region of Asia, Australia, and the Pacific · .cat .cat is a sponsored top-level domain intended to be used to highlight the Catalan language and culture. Its policy has been developed by ICANN and Fundació puntCAT. It was approved in September 2005 · .coop .coop is a sponsored top-level domain in the Domain Name System of the Internet. It is intended for the use of cooperatives, wholly owned subsidiaries, and other organizations that exist to promote or support co-operatives · .edu The domain name .edu is a sponsored top-level domain in the Domain Name System of the Internet. Its name is derived from education, indicating its intended use as a name space for educational institutions, primarily those in the United States. Although not officially mandated for much of the domain's existence, in practice it has been used · .gov The domain name .gov is a sponsored top-level domain in the Domain Name System of the Internet. The name is derived from government, indicating its restricted use by government entities in the United States. The gov domain is administered by the General Services Administration (GSA), an independent agency of the United States federal government · .int The domain name int is a sponsored top-level domain in the Domain Name System of the Internet. Its name is derived from the word international, characterizing it use for world-wide purposes · .jobs The domain name .jobs is a sponsored top-level domain in the Domain Name System of the Internet. Indicated by its name, the domain is restricted to employment-related sites · .mil The domain name .mil is the sponsored top-level domain in the Domain Name System of the Internet for the United States Department of Defense and its subsidiary or affiliated organizations. The name is derived from military. It was one of the first top-level domains, created in January 1985 · .mobi The domain name .mobi is a top-level domain in the Domain Name System of the Internet. Its name is derived from mobile, indicating its use by mobile devices for accessing Internet resources via the Mobile Web · .museum museum is a sponsored top-level domain in the Domain Name System of the Internet used exclusively by museums, museum associations, and individual members of the museum profession, as these groups are defined by the International Council of Museums (ICOM). In joint action with the J. Paul Getty Trust, ICOM established the Museum Domain Management · .tel The domain name tel is a top-level domain in the Domain Name System (DNS) of the Internet. It was approved by ICANN as a sponsored top-level domain, and is operated by Telnic. Telnic announced in December 2009 that 275,000 tel domains had been registered since General Availability on March 24th 2009 · .travel The domain name travel is a top-level domain in the Domain Name System of the Internet. Its name suggests the intended and restricted use by travel agents, airlines, bed and breakfast operators, tourism bureaus, and others in the travel industry · .xxx
Infrastructure
.arpa The domain name .arpa is a top-level domain in the Domain Name System of the Internet. It is used exclusively for technical infrastructure purposes. While the name originally was the acronym for the Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA), the funding organization in the United States that developed the precursor of the Internet (ARPANET), it now
Deleted/retired
.nato The domain name .nato was a top-level domain in the Domain Name System of the Internet. The domain was added in the late 1980s by InterNIC for the use of NATO, who felt that none of the then existing top-level domains adequately reflected their status as an international organization. Soon after this addition, however, the int TLD was created for
Reserved A top-level domain is one of the domains at the highest level in the hierarchical Domain Name System of the Internet. The top-level domain names are installed in the root zone of the name space. For all domains in lower levels, it is the last part of the domain name, that is, the last label of a fully qualified domain name. For example, in the
.example example is a name reserved by the Internet Engineering Task Force in RFC 2606 (June 1999) that is not intended to be installed as a top-level domain in the global Domain Name System (DNS) of the Internet · .invalid invalid is a name reserved by the Internet Engineering Task Force in RFC 2606 (June 1999) that is not intended to be installed as a top-level domain in the global Domain Name System (DNS) of the Internet · .localhost localhost is a name reserved by the Internet Engineering Task Force in RFC 2606 (June 1999) that is not intended to be installed as a top-level domain in the global Domain Name System (DNS) of the Internet · .test test is a name reserved by the Internet Engineering Task Force in RFC 2606 (June 1999) that is not intended to be installed as a top-level domain (TLD) in the global Domain Name System (DNS) of the Internet for production use
Pseudo A number of pseudo-top-level domains to be used in naming computers have been defined at various times. These "pseudo-TLDs" or "pseudomains" include .bitnet, .csnet, .exit, .i2p, .local, .onion, .oz, .freenet and .uucp. Although these pseudo-TLDs look like top-level domains, and serve the same syntactic function in creating
.bitnet .bitnet was a pseudo-domain-style suffix used in the late 1980s when identifying a hostname not connected directly to the Internet but possibly reachable through inter-network gateways. In this case, it indicated that the hostname preceding it was reachable via the BITNET network. This was one of several apparent "top-level domains" that · .csnet .csnet is a hostname suffix that was used for identifying nodes in the Computer Science Network not directly connected to the Internet but reachable through special gateway systems. It was never installed as a top-level domain in the Domain Name System, but parsed in the message routing logic of mail transport agents (MTA) · .local local is a pseudo-top-level domain used in multicast domain name service of zero configuration networking discovery protocols. It is also often used by administrators of Microsoft Windows Active Directory environments as a top-level Domain Name System (DNS) domain for an internal organizational network that is not intended to be reachable directly · .root vrsn-end-of-zone-marker-dummy-record.root is a domain name listed in the DNS root zone as a diagnostic marker, whose presence demonstrates the root zone was not truncated upon loading by a root nameserver. It could be argued it represents a top-level domain of .root, although technically no such delegation exists · .uucp .uucp was a pseudo-domain-style suffix used in the late 1980s when identifying a hostname not connected directly to the Internet but possibly reachable through inter-network gateways. In this case, it indicated that the hostname preceding it was reachable by UUCP networking. This was one of several apparent "top-level domains" that were · .onion .onion is a pseudo-top-level domain host suffix designating an anonymous hidden service reachable via the Tor network. Such addresses are not actual DNS names, and the .onion TLD is not in the Internet DNS root, but with the appropriate proxy software installed, Internet programs such as Web browsers can access sites with .onion addresses by · .exit .onion is a pseudo-top-level domain host suffix designating an anonymous hidden service reachable via the Tor network. Such addresses are not actual DNS names, and the .onion TLD is not in the Internet DNS root, but with the appropriate proxy software installed, Internet programs such as Web browsers can access sites with .onion addresses by
Country code top-level domains
Categories: Proposed top-level domains
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